National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2017

Investigators: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) is the principal source of information on the health of the civilian noninstitutionalized population of the United States and is one of the major data collection programs of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). The main objective of the NHIS is to monitor the health of the United States population through the collection and analysis of data on a broad range of health topics. A major strength of this survey lies in the ability to categorize these health characteristics by many demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. NHIS data are used widely throughout the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to monitor trends in illness and disability and to track progress toward achieving national health objectives. The data are also used by the public health research community for epidemiologic and policy analysis of such timely issues as characterizing those with various health problems, determining barriers to accessing and using appropriate health care, and evaluating Federal health programs. The NHIS questionnaire consists of two parts: (1) a set of basic health and demographic items (known as the Core questionnaire), and (2) Supplements. The Core questions remain largely unchanged from year to year and allow for trends analysis and for data from more than one year to be pooled to increase sample size for analytic purposes. The Core contains four major components: Household, Family, Sample Adult, and Sample Child. The Household component collects limited demographic information on all of the individuals living in a particular house. The Family component verifies and collects additional demographic information on each member from each family in the house and collects data on topics including health status and limitations, injuries, healthcare access and utilization, health insurance, and income and assets. The Family Core component allows the NHIS to serve as a sampling frame for additional integrated surveys as needed. From each family in the NHIS, one sample adult and one sample child (if any children are present) are randomly selected and information on each is collected with the Sample Adult Core and the Sample Child Core questionnaires. Because some health issues are different for children and adults, these two questionnaires differ in some items but both collect basic information on health status, health care services, and health behaviors.

National Health Interview Survey on Disability, Complete Phase I, 1994-1995

Investigators: National Center for Health Statistics

Since 1957, the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) annually conducts a National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), which consists of a core questionnaire and supplements. The core questionnaire is aimed at a continuous assessment and analysis of health trends in the United States, and its topics--basic health, socioeconomic, and demographic data--do not vary much across years. Each year, one or more supplements are added to this core questionnaire to reflect public health data needs. Recent supplement topics included cancer risk factors, youth risk behaviors, knowledge and attitudes about AIDS, and child health. The 1994-1995 National Health Interview Survey on Disability (NHIS-D) was one of the supplements to the 1994 and 1995 NHIS core questionnaires. Due to the low prevalence of disabilities among noninstitutionalized civilians, the NHIS-D was collected over two years, from January 1994 to December 1995. The NHIS-D was designed to meet the need for data on the prevalence and nature of disability in the U.S. since the establishment of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in 1990. One of the main objectives of the NHIS-D was to develop a survey instrument that would provide useful disability measures while accommodating social, administrative, and medical considerations, so that the data could be analyzed by a variety of agencies and programs. Also, the NHIS-D was designed to collect data to facilitate public health policy and provide descriptive baseline statistics on the effects of disabilities. The NHIS-D, Phase I questionnaire was administered at the same time as the NHIS core questionnaire and the other supplements. Given the limited amount of time allocated for the disability supplement, the NCHS decided to conduct a two-phase data collection with two separate questionnaires on disability. Eligibility for the NHIS-D, Phase II was based on the responses to the Phase I disability supplement, as well as the core questionnaire topics on activity limitation, and the family resource supplement regarding the receipt of disability benefits. The Phase II survey began in August 1994 with sample numbers of 20,410 in 1994 and 12,378 in 1995, and it was completed in 1997. This follow-up survey data on disability (1994-1995 NHIS-D, Phase II) will be archived in RADIUS during fall of 1998 and will include ID variables for linking Phase I and II datasets. The sample size for Phase I is 202,560 (107,469 in 1994 and 95,091 in 1995). The decrease in sample size for the 1995 survey reflects a change in the sample design as well as the federal government furlough, which reduced the time for data collection.

National Health Interview Survey on Disability, Complete Phase II, 1994-1995

Investigators: National Center for Health Statistics

Since 1957, the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) annually conducts a National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) of the U.S. noninstitutionalized civilian population, which consists of approximately 122,000 individuals in 48,000 households. The NHIS consists of a core questionnaire and supplements. The core questionnaire is aimed at a continuous assessment and analysis of health trends in the United States, and its topics--including basic health, socioeconomic, and demographic data--do not vary much across years. Each year, one or more supplements are added to this core questionnaire to reflect public health data needs. Recent supplement topics included cancer risk factors, youth risk behaviors, knowledge and attitudes about AIDS, and child health. The 1994-1995 National Health Interview Survey on Disability (NHIS-D) was one of the supplements to the 1994 and 1995 NHIS core questionnaires. Due to the low prevalence of disabilities among noninstitutionalized civilians, the NHIS-D was collected over two years, from January 1994 to December 1995. The NHIS-D was designed to meet the need for data on the prevalence and nature of disability in the U.S. since the establishment of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in 1990. One of the main objectives of the NHIS-D was to develop a survey instrument that would provide useful disability measures while accommodating social, administrative, and medical considerations, so that the data could be analyzed by a variety of agencies and programs. Also, the NHISD was designed to collect data to facilitate public health policy and provide descriptive baseline statistics on the effects of disabilities. The NHIS-D, Phase I questionnaire was administered at the same time as the NHIS core questionnaire and the other supplements. Given the limited amount of time allocated for the disability supplement, the NCHS decided to conduct a two-phase data collection with two separate questionnaires on disability. Eligibility for the NHIS-D, Phase II was based on the responses to the Phase I disability supplement, as well as the core questionnaire topics on activity limitation, and the family resource supplement regarding the receipt of disability benefits. The complete--merged 1994/95--NHIS-D Phase I data and documentation are available as RADIUS dataset 35-36. The Phase II interviews were conducted six to eight months after the Phase I interviews, beginning in August 1994 and ending in 1997. Interviews using the Adult questionnaire were conducted with the individual identified from the Phase I interview whenever possible. The respondent for the Child component was the parent or the adult in the household who knew the most about the child's health. The NHIS-D, Phase II Child survey includes information on utilization and the need for services, functional assessment, and the impact of the child's disability on the family. The 1994 and 1995 Child surveys were merged and archived by RADIUS staff as Dataset 37-38. Dataset 37-38 contains 1,199 variables and 6,983 cases. The Adult questionnaire obtained extensive information on issues such as employment, transportation needs, personal assistance needs, use of services and benefits, and participation in social activities. The 1994 and 1995 Adult surveys were merged and archived by RADIUS staff as Dataset 39-41. Dataset 39-41 contains 2,534 variables and 25,805 cases. An additional Outcome file, archived as RADIUS Dataset 42, provides information on the response or non-response of Phase I respondents eligible for either the Adult or Child phase II. Dataset 42 contains 4 variables and 202,560 cases. Identification variables are available to link NHIS-D respondents between Phases (I/II) as well as within households (Child/Adult), and to related government-sponsored data collections.

National Long Term Care Survey: 1982, 1984, 1989

Investigators: Center for Demographic Studies United States Department of Health and Human Services Health Care Financing Administration

The National Long Term Care Survey is a longitudinal study designed to provide information about the population of chronically disabled elderly persons in the United States. It was the first major nationally representative survey that dealt explicitly with the health and functional problems of the disabled elderly who live in the community, the formal and informal home long term care options available to meet the problems of the impaired elderly, and the ability to interchange home and institutional services for a specific population. The first three waves of interviews (1982, 1984, and 1989) were conducted with nationally representative sample of 30,308 persons age 65 or over who reported having a chronic functional impairment, defined as being unable to perform an activity of daily living (ADL) or an instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) for three months or more. Data were collected on a number of topics including cognitive ability, medical conditions, problems and help received for ADLs and IADLs, housing, health insurance, medical providers, income and assets, and personal characteristics. In addition, the 1989 wave collected extensive data from informal caregivers, unpaid caregivers who help the sample person with ADL or IADL activities. Topics covered in the survey of informal caregivers included demographic and social characteristics of the caregiver, the relationship between the caregiver and the impaired person, the kinds of care provided, expense and time costs to the caregiver, inconveniences and problems of the caregiver, work restrictions due to caregiving, and the caregivers feeling about caregiving.

National Longitudinal Transition Study of Special Education Students, 1987-1991

Investigators: Stanford Research Institute, Mary Wagner, Kathy Valdes, and Associates

In 1983, the U.S. Congress mandated a national study of special education students' experiences with transition out of school and into adult life. The study was conducted to provide practitioners, policy makers, researchers, and other special education affiliates with information that describes the transition that disabled youth make from secondary school to early adulthood. It was further to identify factors that contribute to youths' effective transition from secondary school to employment, further training or education, and independent living. The Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) of the U.S. Department of Education contracted with SRI International to develop a research design, craft and field test data collection instruments, and select a sample of students for a study that would meet the congressional mandate. In April 1987, under a separate contract, SRI began data collection for The National Longitudinal Transition Study of Special Education Students, 1987-1991 (NLTS). The sample for the NLTS involves more than 8,000 youth aged 13 or older and in grade seven or higher. This sample represents the national population of secondary special education students in the 1985-86 school year. Furthermore, the sample was drawn so that findings generalize to students in secondary special education in 1985-1986, both as a whole and separately for students in each of the 11 federal special education disability categories. Data were first gathered in 1987 (referred to as Wave 1) and again in 1990-91 (referred to as Wave 2). Therefore, youths' patterns of experiences through secondary school and into their early adult years could be charted over time. In 1989, additional data were collected in two "substudies" for particular sets of youth within the primary sample. The "school program" substudy was undertaken to examine in greater detail the experiences of youth during their entire secondary school career. To examine the experiences of youth in their first few years after secondary school, the "exiter" substudy consisted of telephone interviews regarding more than 800 youth. These youth were already out of secondary school at the time of the Wave 1 interview.

National Maternal and Infant Follow-up Health Survey, 1991

Investigators: National Center for Health Statistics

The 1991 Longitudinal Follow-up to the 1988 National Maternal and Infant Health Survey (NMIHS) was conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. The 1991 Follow-up study examines such factors as child health status and development, the effects of low birth weight, use of federal programs, child safety, child injury, child care, pediatric care, maternal health, sociodemographic characteristics, acute and chronic illness, and health insurance. The 1988 study examined factors relating to poor pregnancy outcome, such as adequacy of prenatal care, inadequate or excessive weight gain during pregnancy, maternal health behaviors such as smoking, drinking and drug use, and pregnancy and delivery complications. The 1988 National Maternal and Infant Health Survey (NMIHS) is archived as RADIUS dataset #18-20. This dataset includes data for the 1991 Follow-up Live Birth Survey and the 1991 Follow-up Medical Provider Survey. The 1991 Follow-up Live Birth Survey includes 722 variables and 8,285 cases. The 1991 Follow-up Medical Provider Survey includes 217 variables and 99,117 medical provider contacts. Because the Provider file contains hierarchical data, the Live Birth and Provider files were not merged to create a single dataset. Live Birth and Provider files have been archived as separate datasets, RADIUS datasets #01 and #02, respectively.

National Maternal and Infant Health Survey, 1988

Investigators: National Center for Health Statistics

The 1988 National Maternal and Infant Health Survey (NMIHS) was conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). This study examines child health status and development, use of federal programs, child safety, child injury, child care, pediatric care, maternal health, socio-demographic characteristics, acute and chronic illness, and health insurance. Furthermore, the 1988 NMIHS examines factors related to poor pregnancy outcomes, such as adequacy of prenatal care, inadequate or excessive weight gain during pregnancy, maternal health behaviors such as smoking, drinking and drug use, and pregnancy and delivery complications. This study is a national sample of live births, fetal deaths, and infant deaths in 1988. Furthermore, this study includes a supplementary sample of Hispanic live births, fetal deaths, and infant deaths in Texas, and a supplementary sample of live births for urban American Indians. These studies assess longitudinal outcomes for mothers and children between 1988 and 1991. The 1988 NMIHS obtains information in the following substantive areas: Weeks pregnant at first prenatal visit, number of visits, access and barriers to care, source of payment for prenatal care, smoking, drinking, drug use, use of Federal programs and WIC participation Length of hospital stay, source of payment for delivery Number of admissions, outpatient visits, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale Gestational age and birth weight Mother's marital status, height and weight, age, education, race, and occupation-work patterns Household income one year before delivery Infant feeding practices, source of payment for infant care and health insurance, child care, illness and injuries, vaccinations, and hospitalizations.

National Pediatric Trauma Registry, 1988-1994

Investigators: Carla DiScala and Bruce M. Gans

The National Pediatric Trauma Registry (NPTR) was formed to describe pediatric trauma in terms of its etiology, methods of treatment, and functional outcomes. Centered at Tufts-New England School of Medicine, and endorsed by the American Pediatric Surgical Association, the NPTR data archived here represent 45,333 children under age 19 who were admitted to one of 66 American or Canadian trauma centers between October 1988 and December 1994. The NPTR has five aims: (1) to document causes and outcomes of pediatric trauma serious enough to require hospitalization; (2) to describe resulting impairments; (3) to assess efficacy of acute intervention; (4) to estimate needs for rehabilitation services; and (5) to identify areas for preventive intervention. The National Pediatric Trauma Registry has a unique focus on the functional status of surviving children discharged from acute care. For example, nine specific domains of individual functioning are measured and included in this dataset. These domains include vision, hearing, speech, self-feeding, bathing, dressing, walking, cognition, and behavior. Moreover, 267 variables capture the duration and sequencing of children's experience with trauma, trauma severity, treatment and treatment outcomes.

National Survey of Sexuality Issues among Women with Physical Disabilities, 1994

Investigators: Margaret A. Nosek

The 1994 National Study on Sexuality Issues Among Women with Physical Disabilities focuses on a broad range of sexuality issues facing women with physical disabilities. The project consisted of two phases, a qualitative interview study of 31 women with physical disabilities and a national survey of 940 women, half with a variety of physical disabilities and half without disabilities. The first phase involved in-depth interviews with 31 women with disabilities; the women were recruited through personal contact and by fliers distributed locally and nationally. The purpose of the qualitative study was to determine the parameters of sexuality as viewed by the population. From this preliminary study, a questionnaire was developed. In Phase II (the survey archived here), this questionnaire was administered to 940 women nationally, evenly split between women with and without physical disabilities. Domains of inquiry reflect the five thematic groups identified in the qualitative study: sense of self, relationships, barriers, information, and health and sexual functioning, as well as sexual functioning, disability status, psychological factors, social factors (social status and social attitudes), and environmental factors. The original study contains approximately 300 variables examining respondents' experiences with abuse, threatening experiences, and parenting. These data were not available to RADIUS for archiving, and interested researchers should contact the original investigator. Overall, this study contributes significantly to the relatively small body of research on the effects of physical disabilities on disabled women's courtship, sexual, and reproductive behavior.

Next Generation of Upper-Limb Prostheses, 1994

Investigators: William H. Donovan, Diane J. Atkins, Denise C.Y. Heard

The Next Generation of Upper-Limb Prostheses, 1994, is based on a study entitled The Next Generation of Myoelectric Prostheses, 1994, which established the TIRR National Upper Limb Amputee Data Base (copyright 1994, TIRR). The project was conducted by The Institute for Rehabilitation and Research (TIRR) from September, 1992 through November, 1994. This epidemiological study established a national data base on adults and children with upper limb loss and evaluated user perceptions of upper-limb prosthetic devices regarding: 1) costs, maintenance, and sensory feedback, 2) activities which can and cannot be done with available prosthetic technology, and 3) areas identified as most important for improvement in prosthetic devices. The TIRR National Upper-Limb Amputee Data Base is perhaps the most extensive survey ever conducted of upper limb amputees in North America concerning their prosthetic requirements. The archived study consists of one aggregate data file for four surveys (a screener survey and three longer surveys specific to prosthetic type). The one page screener survey includes data from 2,477 adults with upper-limb prosthetic devices or parents of children with upper-limb prosthetic devices.